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Section 1: Project rationale
In this section, you are asked to provide a rationale for your topic choice. Fill in the four boxes below, which will expand as you type.
State your name and student banner ID number:
State the proposed title of your project:
An explorative investigation into the experienced benefits and negative consequences of excessive video game playing about the level of autistic spectrum traits in a sample of young adults |
Provide a literature review outlining the rationale for your study
Literature Review According to Engelhardt, Mazurek and Hilgard (2017), young adults with ASD traits have more symptoms of video game pathology than normal adults. The relationship between ASD traits and video game playing is strong i.e. the adults spend their free time playing video games and spend more hours playing video games. Similarly, as per the study of Mazurek and Engelhardt (2013), young boys with ASD and ADHD traits spend more time playing video games than normal boys. Moreover, they have in-room video game availability and their symptoms are frequently associated with problematic video games. Mazurek, Engelhardt and Clark (2015) are of the view that young individuals who have ASD have a strong interest in playing video games and an increasing interest has been recorded. The negative and positive effects of video games have been reported in this particular group of people. In addition, the features of video game design also have a negative and positive impact on the enjoyment of adults with ASD. The most frequent played video games are Action-Adventure (19%) and Role-Playing (31%) in young adults with ASD traits. However, Strahan and Elder (2015) state that video games increase obesity in young adults with ASD disorders and obesity has increased three times in adults with ASD over the past ten years. According to Mazurek et al. (2012), 41.4% of young adults and children with ASD spend their time playing video games which can result in behavioural and health problems such as lack of exercise, sleep deprivation and irritableness. However, as per Mazurek, Engelhardt and Clark (2015), video games can have a positive impact on young adults with ASD as video games with an online component can be assistive in widening social interactions for adolescents with ASD. Moreover, playing video games can deliver opportunities for motivation and enhancing skills such as organisation, planning, reinforcement, and self-monitoring of particular behaviour without the requirement for direct human-to-human interaction (Mazurek, Engelhardt and Clark, 2015). The rationale of the Study The study focuses on comprehending the benefits and harm of excessive gaming on young adults with ASD traits. As per the contribution of Xu, Chen and Adelman (2015), there are certain benefits and harm of video games that can have a positive or negative impact on an individual. As stated by Naser and Al-Bayed (2016), video games can often be addictive and any individuals spend hours playing them. Furthermore, video games influence the physical health of an individual. However, as indicated by Gray (2015), video games help an individual develop cognitive, social, emotional, and motivational skills. As per Engelhardt, Mazurek and Hilgard (2017), the impact of gaming can be different for individuals with ASD traits as their mind is different from a regular individual. The harmful level of engagement, physical health, and different skills of a gamer with ASD traits can be different to a degree compared to an individual without such traits. The study will try to find out the extent to which the differences occur and what dangers they have for individuals with ASD traits. Literature Gap The association of video games with behavioural problems in adults with ASD has not been extensively studied in the literature (Mazurek and Engelhardt, 2013). Moreover, the preferences for specific video game genres are related to behavioural issues among adults with ASD traits. Further, a research gap can be found in assessing the benefits of excessive video game playing in young adults with ASD traits. The excessive playing of video games is not studied widely in young adults, particularly with ASD traits (Strahan and Elder, 2015). Therefore, there is a major gap in the literature regarding this topic that this study aims to fill. Further, it is necessary to examine solutions for physical activities for young adults with ASD traits. Aims and Objectives To study the benefits and harm of excessive video game playing. They identify the factors pertinent to excessive video game playing in young adults with ASD traits. To assess the benefits and harm of excessive video game playing in young adults (18 to 25) with higher levels of ASD traits. To provide recommendations as to how excessive video game playing in young adults with ASD traits can be reduced. Research Questions What are the benefits and harm of excessive video game playing? What are the factors pertinent to excessive video game playing in young adults with ASD traits? What are the benefits and harm of excessive video game playing in young adults (18 to 25) with ASD traits? What are the recommendations as to how excessive video game playing in young adults with ASD traits can be reduced? Proposed Research Method The current study deals with the investigation of experienced benefits and negative consequences of excessive video game playing about the level of autistic spectrum traits in a sample of young adults. The study will, therefore, utilise the multivariate inferential statistics to process the gathered responses collected from the online surveys by running a quantitative regression analysis. Significance of the Study Excessive video gaming can have dire effects on the social abilities and mental health of people with ASD. Lobel et al. (2017) have highlighted that gaming can cause problem behaviours in ASD, from inattentiveness to lacking basic social skills. This study will benefit such people who have been diagnosed with ASD, as it will help them understand the core of their gaming issue and its probable negative effects. On the other hand, Page et al. (2017) have elaborated that gaming is also related to increasing motor skills and development. In this particular study, the advantages of gaming will be compared to the disadvantages. This will be helpful for the medical professionals in counselling, and social and cognitive psychology. The findings of this study will be applicable for practice when dealing with patients with ASD addicted to gaming. Moreover, Engelhardt et al. (2015) highlighted that aggressive traits are common for ASD gaming addicts, therefore affecting their families. The comparative analysis of gaming behaviours in young adults and its probable impact will increase the knowledge of loved ones and improve their understanding. |
Summarise how this project relates to your field of interest; for example, social psychology, cognitive psychology, forensic psychology or counselling psychology.
Field of Interest A study conducted on patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) found that children benefitted physically from playing video games (Mazurek, Engelhardt and Clark, 2015). Although, the study has stated that excessive video games can affect social behaviours and interactions among these children. Social psychology deals with human interaction, therefore this topic relates to social psychology, as it will assess and compare the pros and cons of video gaming. Similarly, Chung, Vanderbilt and Soares (2015) noted that people addicted to excessive gaming along with ASD developed much faster verbal abilities and cognitive skills. This entails that gaming can affect, either positively or negatively, the cognitive functioning of the brain, hence relatable to cognitive psychology. Furthermore, counselling psychology is supposed to facilitate emotional, social, educational, etc. functioning in an individual (Murdoch, Gregory and Eggleton, 2015). It is also applicable to this field of study because people with ASD can be counselled to improve their personal and interpersonal abilities, in terms of gaming addiction. |
Section 2C: Project details
How the project will be conducted:
Questions | Your answers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
How will you operationalise your research question to form your main hypothesis or hypotheses? | 2.1 Hypotheses H1: Excessive gaming benefits people with ASD traits more than it harms H2: Excessive gaming harms people with ASD traits more than it benefits The research questions of the current study focus on assessing the harms and benefits of gaming, specifically on people with varying ASD traits within the age limit of 18 to 25. For this purpose, the study will be focusing on testing the aforementioned hypothesis using regression analysis. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
How will you operationalise the key concepts/variables referred to in the hypothesis or hypotheses (i.e. how will these concepts/variables be measured (using an existing scale, developed scale, etc.))? | Measurement Scale for Key Concepts and Variables The measurement scale opted for measuring ASD traits in people in this particular study is the ASD Spectrum Quotient (ASQ). ASQ test is based on 50 questions about intelligence, emotions, social skills etc. with answers that range from highly agree to disagree (Westwood et al., 2016). It is not used as a diagnostic tool, but it is applicable in the current study for measuring the level of ASD traits in different people. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Why do you feel your chosen method (survey) is the most appropriate for your project? | Since the survey method allows for a considerable greater number of respondents in the sampling, therefore, the use of the survey research method for this study would be justified. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What design issues may be pertinent to your potential study (e.g. measurement scale, question-wording)? | Design Issues and Limitations The research design may have certain issues to the extent whether respondents understand the questions and to the extent, relevant individuals, people that have spent lives with gamers with ASD traits, responded to the survey. The researcher requires responses from people that have family members who are gamers and have ASD traits. Finding the appropriate people may be a problem when considering surveys as a lot of time could be spent on finding the appropriate individuals that can add value to the research. To conduct appropriate analysis, a large sample of young is required. However, due to the current pandemic, only online means are undertaken for contacting the respondents which will itself be a challenging task for accessing the desired respondents having ADS traits. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outline your participant recruitment plan. Describe your potential participants (number, demographic information). Describe how you plan to recruit them (e.g. work colleagues, friends, neighbours, other students | Participant Recruiting Plan Considering the survey design and design issue, an appropriate participant-recruiting plan has been developed. The researcher will share questionnaires with appropriate individuals where they exist in numbers. The researcher will use the social media platform and electronic mailing to reach the relevant respondents. The researcher will visit different Facebook pages to search for an individual that has family members with ASD traits. The researcher will then share the questionnaires with them in the hope they will respond to them. The researcher will further email different doctors and nurses that have worked with ASD individuals to get a proper insight into the reality of the issue. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outline your proposed procedure. Please include a copy of your draft survey with this assignment, or the references for exiting surveys | The project is an explorative investigation of information about the benefits and harms of Excessive video game playing in young adults from 18-25 with ASD traits. The examination is made out of two sections, with each containing significant data about the research topic. In section 1 of the project rationale, a variety of literature is discussed which is relevant to the addressed research topic, alongside the aim and questions leading the examination. In this part, the basis for directing the examination is given just as the harms and the benefits discussed in past research are talked about as well as the significance of understanding them and the field of interest is discussed. It is composed of technique, which talks about research reasoning that sets the way for the whole research process. This section highlights the method in which the research questions and variables will be conceptualised, the limitations, rationale and the method in which the data will be collected and analysed. This section also discusses the issues with the study design and the study limitations. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
How will you administer the questionnaire (e.g. online, face to face, hard copy)? | The questionnaire will be administered using email or yet to define social media platform The researcher will be approaching the different gaming groups on this platform which include people of all genders and age groups. The group members will then be approached and shared the research purpose and scope and the willing member of the groups will be selected based on their medical history and age group. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What type of data will your study produce, and how will these data relate to your research question? Discuss your data analysis plan. | The data accumulated for the investigation and the method through which it is assembled determines the analysis that the researcher will use on the gathered information (Heng et al., 2018). The data when gathered utilising the primary methodology with quantitative nature is separated using genuine statistical analysis tools such as SPSS and excel and the data which is qualitative is examined using thematic investigation (Johnston, 2017). According to Bain (2017), statistical analysis interprets the data from the provided sample using indexes for example mean, standard deviation and correlational statistics. The researcher will use this to interpret the collected quantitative data as it can have random variations in it. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outline your proposed research timetable indicating approximate dates and durations of the stages of your project. |
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Staff Member Signature
References
Bain, L., 2017. Statistical analysis of reliability and life-testing models: theory and methods. Routledge.
Engelhardt, C.R., Mazurek, M.O. and Hilgard, J., 2017. Pathological game use in adults with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. PeerJ, 5, p.e3393.
Heng, Y.T., Wagner, D.T., Barnes, C.M. and Guarana, C.L., 2018. Archival research: Expanding the methodological toolkit in social psychology. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 78, pp.14-22.
Johnston, M.P., 2017. Secondary data analysis: A method of which the time has come. Qualitative and quantitative methods in libraries, 3(3), pp.619-626.
Mazurek, M.O. and Engelhardt, C.R., 2013. Video game use in boys with autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, or typical development. Paediatrics, 132(2), pp.260-266.
Mazurek, M.O., Engelhardt, C.R. and Clark, K.E., 2015. Video games from the perspective of adults with an autism spectrum disorder. Computers in Human Behavior, 51, pp.122-130.
Mazurek, M.O., Shattuck, P.T., Wagner, M. and Cooper, B.P., 2012. Prevalence and correlates of screen-based media use among youths with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 42(8), pp.1757-1767.
Strahan, B.E. and Elder, J.H., 2015. Video game playing effects on obesity in an adolescent with autism spectrum disorder: a case study. Autism research and treatment, 2015.
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