Interventions of Stress Management in the Aviation Industry; Examining Stress and Burnout Causes and HRM Role
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Download PDF FileResearch proposal
The following research proposal provides a comprehensive outline of a particular study. While the study is associated with stress management interventions in the aviation industry. For this purpose, the potential causes of stress and burnout would be examined along with the role played by HRM in stress management.
Introduction
Santos and Melicio (2019) state that workplace stress can occur at any time, in any organization, and with any individual which is why stress management is essential. In the present world, workplace stress has become increasingly common because organisations try to ensure that most of the work is carried out by a limited number of employees. The author cites that organizations often do not realize that their approach of making an employee work more than his capability can cause further damage to the organization itself. The individual would not be able to work to his full potential because he would start losing confidence, become irritable, and even be withdrawn (Tomic and Liu, 2017). However, Hajiyousefi, Asadi, and Jafari (2017) believe that the individual's ability must come into play to ensure that he can manage the work accordingly. The author further reveals that there is no concept of workplace stress; it is just a phrase coined by individuals who run away from work.
Individuals must have a clear idea of managing the work, which would help them become an asset to the organization (Tripathi, Joshi, and Sharma, 2020). In his work, Eriksen (2019) reveals that key aspects of workplace stress are burnout and stress. The research by the author reveals that stress usually occurs owing to a lack of autonomy, lack of support, lack of opportunities, and appreciation of the individual and his work. On the other hand, burnout occurs due to a negative outlook, emotional exhaustion, and overall negative response to stressors (Stokes and Kite, 2017; Eltorai, 2018). Recently, it has become known that the aviation industry has been facing many stress and burnout issues. The human resource department of organizations within the industry would need to come forward to resolve workplace stress issues.
Summary of Literature Review
In order to evaluate stress management in the aviation industry, a number of reliable research articles were targeted. A study carried out by Rodriguez-Paras, Khanade, and Sasangohar (2018) revealed that the aviation industry is one of the industries that have been facing a high level of workplace stress notion. The author further reveals that there are diverse reasons owing to which workplace stress occurs, and it is vital that the human resource department of the organizations within the industry focus on resolving this aspect. The two main aspects of stress and burnout are the main areas that have become vivid in the aviation industry (Foy et al., 2019). A combination of both factors tends to make the employees working in the aviation industry lose focus on their goals and also prevents them from working to their full potential. According to Carrillo et al. (2018), the aviation industry comprises employees in different sectors. All these employees tend to face different causes of stress and burnout issues.
The airline pilots would face a different form of stress and burnout linked to their job demands and resources, along with ensuring that they can achieve the outcomes of job crafting and happiness and be part of training performance (Cachia and Whitfield, 2018). For the cabin crew workers, the long working hours and not having adequate rest would lead to stress and burnout. Continuous mental work can lead to stress and burnout for air traffic service workers (Smith, Dyal, and DeJoy, 2019; Rook et al., 2018). At this point, Lockwood, Henderson, and Stansfeld (2017) cite that it is the human resource department's responsibility to ensure that these issues are resolved, thereby ensuring the implementation of stress management strategies. It is the responsibility of HR to ensure that they can create certain strategies and implement techniques that would ensure that the employees in the aviation industry do not face workplace stress problems.
Research Objectives
The study aims to focus on the causes of stress and burnout in the aviation industry and the role of HRM in dealing with it. The research objectives are as follows:
- To examine workplace stress and its causes from a theoretical perspective
- To identify the key factors that result in workplace stress and burnout in the aviation industry
- To critically analyze the role of HRM in mitigating workplace stress and reducing burnout in the aviation industry
- To provide recommendations for stress management in the workplace to reduce burnout in the aviation industry to enhance productivity.
Research questions
Based on the key objectives of this study, the following are the research questions:
- What are the causes of workplace stress?
- What key factors result in workplace stress and burnout in the aviation industry?
- What role does the HRM play in mitigating workplace stress and reducing burnout in the aviation industry?
- What recommendations are to mitigate workplace stress and reduce burnout in the aviation industry to enhance productivity?
Methodology
The research methodology comprises several significant elements to obtain the most accurate yet reliable data. The research philosophy that will be used in the study is interpretivism. Ghauri, Grønhaug, and Strange (2020) cite that interpretivism comprises analysts who emphasize interpreting the study elements. The purpose of using the interpretivism philosophy is that the study focuses on the role of stress and burnout in the aviation industry and the role of HRM in it. The research approach chosen for the study is qualitative. n the qualitative approach, the inductive approach was chosen as it analyzed the aim and objectives of the research based on which the study will be carried out. Lindlof and Taylor (2017) cite that the inductive research approach, known as inductive reasoning, is linked with the interpretivism philosophy. Bryman (2016) and Bernard (2017) reveal in their work that inductive research approaches help the researcher make use of the information that exists and is related to the topic.
The research strategy that will be used in the study is grounded theory. The purpose of using this theory would allow the researcher to create a theory from the data which would be taken from the participants. Walliman (2017) and Litosseliti (2018) cite that ground theory mainly helps discover the problems in the research field and focuses on highlighting the strategies that help tackle the problems. In this study, the type of investigation that will be carried out is through qualitative interviews. The idea behind conducting interviews is that it would provide the researcher with face-to-face interaction with the people who would provide verified information. The study focuses on understanding the causes of stress and burnout in the aviation industry, along with assessing the role of HRM in mitigating the causes of workplace stress. The interviews will be carried out with the cabin crew people of Qatar Airways.
A Total of 10 cabin crew employees will be chosen to study from Qatar Airways. The purpose behind selecting cabin crew from this particular airline is these individuals come from different cultures and nationalities, so they would be able to provide better insight into the causes of stress and burnout issues. There would also be the inclusion of the HR manager of the organization, who will be interviewed to attain better insights related to the practices he has implemented to deal with the stress and burnout causes that the cabin crew are facing. The data analysis will be carried out through the use of thematic analysis. The researcher will focus on analyzing the patterns and key themes related to the topic and analyze them accordingly to answer the research aim and objectives of the study.
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Expected Outcomes
The expected outcome of the study is to pave the way for other researchers to carry out future research regarding the interventions of stress management in the aviation industry and the role of HRM in it. As the researcher has chosen to interview the cabin crew, this would allow future analysts to assess the issues of stress and burnout from other employees’ perspectives that are part of the aviation industry. Moreover, the use of theoretical and empirical data would allow the collection of information to be assessed in a better way. 
The time scale is divided into 9 phases, which the first phase selects the topic, which is done in week 1. The topic selection phase is in week 2, followed by research on the subject and writing a proposal in weeks 3 and 4. Weeks 5 and 6 would focus on the literature review chapter, followed by working on data collection and analysis in week 7. Lastly, the data collection phase would be done in week 8, followed by data analysis conducted in week9 10, and the conclusion in week 10.
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References
Bernard, H.R., 2017. Research methods in anthropology: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Rowman & Littlefield.
Bryman, A., 2016. Social research methods. Oxford university press.
Cachia, M. and Whitfield, M., 2018. How does workplace stress affect job performance? An employee's perspective. New Vistas, 3(2).
Carrillo, E., Freeman, L.L., Morand, D., Ocampo, R., Afegbua-Sabbatt, R. and Clayton, R., 2018. EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON WORKPLACE STRESS. International Journal of Management and Human Resources, 6(1), pp.64-83.
Eltorai, A.S., 2018. Lessons from the sky: an aviation-based framework for maximizing the delivery of quality anesthetic care. Journal of anesthesia, 32(2), pp.263-268.
Eriksen, C., 2019. Managing Work and Relationships at 35,000 Feet: A Practical Guide for Making Personal Life Fit Aircrew Shift Work, Jetlag, and Absence from Home. Routledge.
Foy, T., Dwyer, R.J., Nafarrete, R., Hammoud, M.S.S. and Rockett, P., 2019. Managing job performance, social support and work-life conflict to reduce workplace stress. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management.
Ghauri, P., Grønhaug, K. and Strange, R., 2020. Research methods in business studies. Cambridge University Press.
Hajiyousefi, H., Asadi, H. and Jafari, A., 2017. Work Stress among Flight Attendants; The Perspective of a Standard Sports Examination Designing as a Prerequisite to Flight License. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 11(1), pp.31-40.
Lindlof, T.R. and Taylor, B.C., 2017. Qualitative communication research methods. Sage publications.
Litosseliti, L. ed., 2018. Research methods in linguistics. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Lockwood, G., Henderson, C. and Stansfeld, S., 2017. An assessment of employer liability for workplace stress. International Journal of Law and Management.
Rodriguez-Paras, C., Khanade, K. and Sasangohar, F., 2018, September. Stress Detection techniques in different work domains. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting (Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 1704-1706). Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.
Rook, C., Hellwig, T., Florent-Treacy, E. and Kets de Vries, M., 2018. Workplace stress in senior executives: coaching the “uncoachable. International Coaching Psychology Review.
Santos, L.F. and Melicio, R., 2019. Stress, Pressure and Fatigue on Aircraft Maintenance Personal.
Smith, T.D., Dyal, M.A. and DeJoy, D.M., 2019. Workplace stress and firefighter health and safety. In Increasing Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Stokes, A.F. and Kite, K., 2017. Flight stress: Stress, fatigue and performance in aviation. Routledge.
Tomic, I. and Liu, J., 2017. Strategies to overcome fatigue in air traffic control based on stress management. Int. J. Eng. Sci., 6(4), pp.48-57.
Tripathi, S., Joshi, D. and Sharma, A., 2020. To Study the Various Techniques Required To Overcome Workplace Stress among the Employees. Studies in Indian Place Names, 40(3), pp.469-479.
Walliman, N., 2017. Research methods: The basics. Routledge.
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